944 Words | 4 Pages. Nilanjana Dasgupta's stereotype inoculation model brings together important theorizing about identity, belonging, and achievement to propose that ingroup members can be a "social vaccine" from the negative consequences of stereotypes and other cues of nonbelonging. in health education, focussing on prevention strategies in relation to smoking or alcohol abuse. A theory of resistance to persuasion according to which most ordinary attitudes and beliefs are more or less resistant to change through having been exposed to repeated mild attacks. Australia's recent bushfire crisis will be . New York, NY: Academic Press. In one experiment, subjects were exposed to either a one-sided, two-sided refutational, or two-sided nonrefutational appeal and the degree of cognitive activity incurred was measured. The recent authorization by regulatory agencies across the world to distribute and administer COVID-19 vaccines marks an important turning point in the pandemic. For example, an inoculation might include (1) a warning that there exist attempts to cast doubt on the scientific consensus regarding climate change, and (2) an explanation that one technique employed is the rhetorical use of a large group of "fake experts" to feign a lack of consensus. Username. For example, we're working with Google's technology incubator "Jigsaw", and our colleague Professor Stephan Lewandowsky, to develop and test a series of short animated inoculation videos. Inoculation theory of resistance to influence. In the cochlea mechanical energy caused by the flexing of the basilar membrane is converted into neural activity by specialized receptor cells. William McGuire, the originator of the theory in 1961, created the phrase attitude inoculation to refer to . An inoculation message is a warning to not be taken in by certain communications from a different source that soon will be heard from. 5 Edwards and multiple family members received the inoculation believing that it was a wise course of action, while entrusting themselves to the Lord. Dwight provides a narrative of Edward's careful consideration of inoculation and his seeking of counsel before receiving the treatment that caused his death. The unprecedented attempt to achieve widescale vaccine coverage, however, has been met with an onslaught of false and misleading information [1]. This prediction was supported. ened) examples of that information are presented and directly refuted in a process called "refutational pre-emption" or "preb-unking."[14] In short, attitudinal resistance is conferred by pre-emptively highlighting false claims and refuting potential counterarguments. The theory predicts that cultural truisms that most people have never heard being questioned, such as It is a good idea to brush your teeth three times a day if possible, should be more vulnerable to persuasion . Because inoculation was originally specific to transferring pathogenic matter through skin lesions—as opposed to injecting it via needle, nasal spray, etc.—it's sometimes still used in that . Once attitude inoculation had been demonstrated consistently in the laboratory, researchers decided to see if attitude inoculation could be used to help parents, teachers, and social service agents deal with a pressing social problem that kills about 440,000 people in the U.S. every year: cigarette smoking. Inoculation Theory The diffusion of fake news can be modeled much like the spread of a viral contagion (Budak, Agrawal, & El Abbadi, 2011; Kucharski, 2016). The theory follows the model of vaccinations: A person's attitude, belief, or self-esteem can be protected against future threats through exposure to a weakened version of that threat, similar to . 3.8 Comparison of selective and different Media with general-purpose media. This is in contrast to Streptococcus species, whose growth is selected against by this high salt agar (plate on the right in the picture below). The meaning of inoculation is the act or process or an instance of inoculating; especially : the introduction of a pathogen or antigen into a living organism to stimulate the production of antibodies. The inoculation metaphor relies on a medical analogy: by pre-emptively exposing people to weakened doses of misinformation cognitive immunity can be conferred. One theory proposed was the COVID-19 vaccine would contain a microchip through which biometric data could be collected, and large businesses could send signals to the chips using 5G networks, thereby controlling humanity. A Chapter Analysis : Inoculation Theory. Inoculation theory offers an intuitive solution to As McGuire' s inoculation theory is a starting point for our own research, we describe this approach in some detail. The theory uses medical inoculation as . Interpersonal Communication/Social Influence. Stress Inoculation Training by Mike Lauria. A Chapter Analysis : Inoculation Theory. For example, consider the broad claim that "vaccines are unnatural." . Research in several domains has shown that attitudinal inoculation effectively promotes resistance to persuasion. Inoculation Theory. Waymo worth more than $30bn. Did you know? August 2004 NASA/TM—2004-212824 Stress, Cognition, and Human Performance: A Literature Review and Conceptual Framework Mark A. Staal Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California Stress Inoculation Training Just as a vaccination against a particular disease helps your body respond quickly when it's exposed to that disease, in the same way, stress inoculation training prepares you to quickly defend against PTSD-related fear and anxiety . " 16 * Fig. In a medical inoculation, a virus is weakened to the point where it will not make the person sick, but it will trigger protective responses, like antibodies. In everyday life, Inoculation theory has been applied to numerous programmes, e.g. It's clear that a prime condition for effective inoculation involves being the first in line to issue a warning. Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) This type of medium is both selective and differential. Active defending. inoculation theory: motivation mechanism vs -attack credibility as mediators of resistance to persuasion peter f. cranis . was to apply McGuire's inoculation theory to political campaign communication. tion research provided an early example of what became an explosion of research interest on the strength of attitudes rather than the attitude itself (Petty & Krosnick, 1995). This tactic is entrenched in many forms of persuasion—from political campaigns to court trials to prevention messages in health campaigns. Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion. Challenges to the Direct Effects Theory. Inoculation theory is a framework from social psychology that posits that it is possible to pre-emptively confer psychological resistance against (malicious) persuasion attempts (Compton, 2013; McGuire & Papageorgis, 1961).
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