[81], Data shows that there is an increase in crime in urbanized areas. In certain cases, particularly for areas exceeding 100 ha, longer return periods may be warranted. Elderly people may be forced to move to cities where there are doctors and hospitals that can cater to their health needs. [95] This networked, poly-centric form of concentration is considered by some emerging pattern of urbanization. selfstudyhistory.com There began the second urbanization in India in 6th century BC. [88] Additionally, residents of rural communities are traveling further for work, decreasing the amount of time that can be spent on leisure physical activity and significantly decreases the opportunity to partake in active transportation to work. Urbanization also creates opportunities for women that are not available in rural areas. Google has been penalizing this site in its search rankings for years. Furthermore, any amount of exposure to high levels of air pollution have shown long term effects on the Foxp3 region. Last edited on Apr 01 2013. How to use time in a sentence. on Jan 13 1998. [70] It can have mixed effects on health patterns, alleviating some problems, and accentuating others. "[26] Many of the urban poor have difficulty accessing health services due to their inability to pay for them; so they resort to less qualified and unregulated providers. The simplest explanation is that areas with a higher population density are surrounded by greater availability of goods. However, there are also harmful social phenomena that arise, alienation, stress, increased cost of living, and mass marginalization that are connected to an urban way of living. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press. [48] In these ideal conditions, they overtake surface water, making it difficult for other organisms to receive sunlight and nutrients. [70] Differences in mortality from contagious diseases vary depending on the particular disease and location.[69]. However, women are sometimes still at a disadvantage due to their unequal position in the labour market, their inability to secure assets independently from male relatives and exposure to violence.[26]. on Oct 07 1997. Sometimes over used by some people. on Sep 28 2018. Legend, traditional story or group of stories about a particular person or place. The higher the terms are in the list, the more likely that they're relevant to the word or phrase that you searched for. Social roles of parks will be discussed by using published resources and observations. Submitted by Emily from UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
In a study comparing different regions in the United States, opinions across all areas were shared that environmental characteristics like access to sidewalks, safe roads, recreational facilities, and enjoyable scenery are positively associated with participation in leisure physical activity. Smart Growth and New Urbanism's principles include walkability, mixed-use development, comfortable high-density design, land conservation, social equity, and economic diversity. [4] That is equivalent to approximately 3 billion urbanites by 2050, much of which will occur in Africa and Asia. [71] Several studies suggest that long distances to a grocery store are associated with higher rates of obesity and other health disparities. The doll is believed to contain the spirit of Okiku, a little girl who died of a cold. Moreover, and adopting a broader definition of urbanization, we can say that while the urbanized population in England and Wales represented 72% of the total in 1891, for other countries the figure was 37% in France, 41% in Prussia and 28% in the United States.[17]. [78] In addition, children with croup living in urban areas have higher hazard ratios for asthma than similar children living in rural areas. [40], However, existing infrastructure and city planning practices are not sustainable. © Urban Dictionary. To perform cunnilingus on a woman during her period. Accumulation of food waste causes increased fermentation, which increases the risk of rodent and bug migration. Urban legends are passed along by people we trust implicitly, so it never occurs to us to doubt them. The rain no longer soaks into the ground to recharge groundwater reservoirs. [98][99], Thai farmers are seen as poor, stupid, and unhealthy. Whereas urbanization refers to the proportion of the total national population living in areas classified as urban, urban growth strictly refers to the absolute number of people living in those areas. Period shaming is simply associating the act and art of menstruation with a stigma. So the urban classes have been able to win most of the rounds of the struggle with the countryside...". Rural flight is a contributing factor to urbanization. Different forms of urbanization can be classified depending on the style of architecture and planning methods as well as the historic growth of areas. [85] Rural residents consume a higher percent of fat calories and are less likely to meet the guidelines for physical activity and more likely to be physically inactive. It is the combination of urbanization with physical and social risk factors that contribute to mental health problems. Period at the end of the sentence means, the things said in the sentence are definite and no change is allowed. For example, "I want the document... Scl., 21, 68-69. People in cities are more productive than in rural areas. As cities develop, effects can include a dramatic increase and change in costs, often pricing the local working class out of the market, including such functionaries as employees of the local municipalities. [5] Notably, the United Nations has also recently projected that nearly all global population growth from 2017 to 2030 will be by cities, with about 1.1 billion new urbanites over the next 10 years. (ˈpɪər i əd) n. 1. an extent of time that is meaningful in the life of a person, in history, etc.: a period of illness; a period of social unrest. 2. a specific division or portion of time: the postwar period. 3. a round of time, esp. as marked by the recurrence of some phenomenon: the rainy period. (2007). Learn more about the causes and impacts of urban sprawl. HUMAN. [69], Urbanization has also been associated with an increased risk of asthma as well. Traditionally, urban … [50] This has been useful to the environment by decreasing the harmful effects of greenhouse gases, but also further perpetuates acidification. These services require workers, resulting in more numerous and varied job opportunities. - Inderscience Publishers - linking academia, business and industry through research", "Urban Food Waste generation: challenges and opportunities", "The Relationship between Habitat Loss and Fragmentation during Urbanization: An Empirical Evaluation from 16 World Cities", "Nest Survival Relative to Patch Size in a Highly Fragmented Shortgrass Prairie Landscape", "Environmental determinants of diving beetle assemblages (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) in an urban landscape", "Urbanization, Biodiversity, and Conservation", 10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0883:UBAC]2.0.CO;2, "In crowded Hlaing Tharyar township, slums sit next to gated communites (sic) | Coconuts Yangon", "Urbanization and health in developing countries: a systematic review", "Quantification of urbanization in relation to chronic diseases in developing countries: a systematic review", "Moving Beyond "Food Deserts": Reorienting United States Policies to Reduce Disparities in Diet Quality", "Distance to Store, Food Prices, and Obesity in Urban Food Deserts", "Food Swamps Predict Obesity Rates Better Than Food Deserts in the United States", "Urban residence, neighborhood poverty, race/ethnicity, and asthma morbidity among children on Medicaid", "Association of croup with asthma in children", "Exposure to NO2, CO, and PM2.5 is linked to regional DNA methylation differences in asthma", "Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults From Rural and Urban Areas of the United States: Findings From NHANES (2005-2008)", "Understanding Barriers and Facilitators to Healthy Eating and Active Living in Rural Communities", "Role of Built Environments in Physical Activity, Obesity, and Cardiovascular Disease", "Opportunity and exploitation in urban labour markets", "Shifts in U.S. housing demand will likely lead to the re-urbanization of America", http://www.smartgrowthamerica.org/documents/foot-traffic-ahead.pdf, Journal of the American Institute of Planners, World Urbanization Prospects, the 2014 Revision, Brief review of world socio-demographic trends, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Urbanization&oldid=1025058664, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2015, Articles needing additional references from February 2020, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, McShane, Clay. An important question is whether this is due to agglomeration effects or whether cities simply attract those who are more productive. It is called variously edge city (Garreau, 1991), network city (Batten, 1995), postmodern city (Dear, 2000), or exurb, though the latter term now refers to a less dense area beyond the suburbs. The increase of food waste can raise environmental concerns such as increase production of methane gases and attraction of disease vectors. Submitted by Anonymous
Physical and Spatial Elements of a Master Plan. Living in cities permits individuals and families to take advantage of the opportunities of proximity and diversity. The rural sector contains most of the poverty and most of the low-cost sources of potential advance; but the urban sector contains most of the articulateness, organization, and power. Submitted by Corbin from Idaho, USA
The Renaissance saw many contributions to different fields, including new scientific laws, new forms of … Many ancient organic cities experienced redevelopment for military and economic purposes, new roads carved through the cities, and new parcels of land were cordoned off serving various planned purposes giving cities distinctive geometric designs. Shifting from a rural environment to an urbanized community also caused a transition to a diet that was mainly carbohydrate-based to a diet higher in fat and sugar, consequently causing a rise in obesity. Farm living has always been susceptible to unpredictable environmental conditions, and in times of drought, flood or pestilence, survival may become extremely problematic. At the turn of the 20th century, just 15% of the world population lived in cities. J. The slang words in this thesaurus category appear below the table of contents. The odds of reduced rates of hospitalization and death from asthmas has decreased for children and young adults in urbanized municipalities in Brazil. This can be seen in species that may find food while scavenging developed areas or vegetation that has been added after urbanization has occurred i.e.
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